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PAIA / Sections / Section 37
Section 37

Mandatory protection of certain confidential information, and protection of certain other confidential information, of third party

Part 2 · Access to Records of Public Bodies · Chapter 4 — Grounds for Refusal of Access to Records

(1) Subject to subsection (2), the information officer of a public body— (a) must refuse a request for access to a record of the body if the disclosure of the record would constitute an action for breach of a duty of confidence owed to a third party in terms of an agreement; or (b) may refuse a request for access to a record of the body if the record consists of information that was supplied in confidence by a third party— (i) the disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to prejudice the future supply of similar information, or information from the same source; and (ii) if it is in the public interest that similar information, or information from the same source, should continue to be supplied.

(2) A record may not be refused in terms of subsection (1) insofar as it consists of information— (a) already publicly available; or (b) about the third party concerned that has consented in terms of section 48 or otherwise in writing to its disclosure to the requester concerned.

confidential informationduty of confidencethird partypublic body
Beyond the text

What this means in practice

  • Two limbs: a mandatory refusal where disclosure would breach a duty of confidence under an agreement, and a discretionary one to protect confidentially-supplied information whose future supply matters in the public interest.
  • Already-public information and consent remove the protection.
Relevant tool

PopiGuard links your confidentiality obligations to your PAIA decisions so s.37 refusals rest on a real duty.

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